Method of and device for temperature compensation



April 13 192s.

C. E. SUMMERS MET-HOD OF AND DEVICE F'Qm TEMPERATURE COMPEYSATION 2Sheets-Sheet 1 [271.7527 02- (LM 5 W Filed Jan. 17. 1923 A ril'13,1926.1,580,223

2 C. E SUMMERS METHOD OF ANDDEVICE FOR TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION FiledJan. 17, 1923 2 sheets-sheet 2 w a Q w w L 1 3 0 1 w w%7//IIIII/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJI III 1 Yllllllllllllllllllllllllllll/ll/lll/llla .[ZZZZZYE'SSES ZHUEHZDZ" WW WC2121? Z. W

Patented Apr. 13, 1926.

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' Application filed Ianuaty 11,4933; Serial :xb. 613,250.

To aZ Z whom it may concern: I a

Be. it known that I, GALE SUMMnRs, --a citizen of the United States ofAmerica. 51esiding at Dayton, county cf Montgomery, and State of :Qhjionew and iuseful Improvements in Methcds o fendiDevies-for'Temperature:Qomp nsfliqn,

plied to va-1ve mechanism, is to-decrease of which the --01310W-i=n-g isa if tl-l, clear, and ex-actdeseript-ioni f i This invention :l eiaiffisto improvements in methods of and devices tor temperature compensationand inits pneferi ed term reiaites more: specifically to valve operatingmechanism for :intennztl combustion engines and1mea'ns foricompensati ng{tor-changes in adjustment produced therein by changes in temper-atu-ie. Among preserve a the adjusted deletion in 3 operating mechanism whichrelation nonna llyj tends to vary with the .vaniatien oftemperatnre. vAnother bj c cf t e inv ntion; w e -1: 1;:-

noise in such mecha sm woccasienledy change in adjustment which iscaused :by

variation in opera-tingtemperature.

Still another object is the elimination of variation in valve clearancesand;consequent changes in valve timing due to increase .01decrease-1ntemperature. a a 4- {Vlth these and ether 1ob ects-1n viewthe invention compm-sesmea ns caused to be actuin temperature whichmeans compensates for the differentialgexpansion-of diiterent portionsof the mechanism, for example, valve stems and push mods, and main tainsthe adjustment which has vbeenagn-a'de previous to temperaturechange.,For example, the means V-t-ends .to inaintain the adjusted' alignment of"the top egt the p sh 130d,

th cent t r cke eerm s a t end the ft d han top of-the valve stemwhenrapplied te o verhead va1ve;mechani sm in internal eon b is- Qnengne,7 t a T -in ntien w l -:mq imedilysmde tee b'yi ete-tees d t w me W s 1@dfiaw ngs nwhie fl' p h d et c the eve tie have invented -cent;ain,

the ,objects of the Vinventien to :e s otexpan ioni i he= y1ind -1it eiy 'ie ee e esle n or .v

and es the rocker 521cm,

v 1 is a side view-of a; pair of such-air cooled ,cyhndersdoeking at,the side upon which thepus nods ar located.

Fig. 3 is a view "of the cylinders of Fig. 2

:1oeking;atthe otherrsideh 4 .t

A ;'is at view-enwl'ogons to that 1:01 Fig. 1;, hee ing ithe inventiensupplied to water cooled -ylid ns-f 2 v In the cperat'on cf ordinaryengine, so, called :'ove.r

mounted 011 ;s itah1e 'shaifts, ,is carried by the cylinder ead andaccordingly, is the procirqm {the end; 0;fthe push rod during the hecememuch Q op enatioifl,otthegengine.v The result ot'fthi-s difference inexpansion of the cylinder and [push-mod is en increase inithe adjustedclear-V iii-I106 between the upper end of therpush 170d 1 and the .endof the-rocker armiwith which it [1s designed tomoact. 0F% 9 c a an i h f-T -di f-e 1i e P o-- .;d uc'ed-.inithe valve clearance and a d lierenceimingI-Q-f (the zvazlve, these difierences the lag in operation -otf v,t-he being ,due -12 N lve ceused ,cleeinance fbetiveenjit and the rockerarm. It will readily be seen th a-t such operation tends to decrease theefliciencyo of .the engine and 8 tends to c u e z el twe ve mt :witheems' eeent 1 1i end {t see? As a (result of -such-incry-to [both "thevalve Joy-the time consumed in the actien of push rod in taking t p theexcessive Inithe pr' entggterm'pf the gdift o, A t ke met i r h feti h39 e d-extend r a. a w c emit iePQ the n of hawiin et te s i-t e i'e e Wfree-{ h -*P l sl I: Que-Q:-

In the form of embodiment of the invention which is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) there is shown an air cooledinternal combustion engine cylinder at having mounted upon its head asuperstructure assembly, indicated as a whole by the numeral 11, whichassembly includes an intake pipe 12 common to two cylinders and anexhaust pipe 13 for each of them. The assembly also carries the valveand valve springs each indicated as a whole by the numeral 14. Theassembly also carries the rocker arms 15 for operating the valves, whichrocker arms are mounted on a shaft 16 mounted in a frame 17.

This frame 17 is a rigid frame provided with bearings 18 for the shaft16 and is supported on four posts, of which, in the present instance,two are carried at each end of the superstructure assembly, as shownmost clearly in Figs. 2 and 3. Of these four posts, two numbered 20, arepreferably integral with the superstructure casting and of the samematerial. These posts 20 are of substantial size and have their upperends rounded as shown most clearly in Figs. 1 and 4. The frame 17 issecured to the rounded upper end of post 20 by means of a short screw orbolt 21 extending through a portion of the frame and into a suitablehole in the top of the post.

The other two posts which support the frame 17 are designated bythenumeral 25 and these posts are made of a material which has adifferent coefficient of expansion than posts 20. In the specific formshown in the drawings, the posts 25 are made of aluminum which has acoefficient of expan sion something more than twice that of cast ironwhich is the usual material for engine cylinders and superstructurecastings. In the form illustrated the posts 25 consist of short rods ofaluminum threaded into suitable bosses on the superstructure casting attheir lower ends and provided at their upper ends with reduced threadedportions which extend through suitable portions of frame 17 and aresecured therein by nuts 26.

The push rods for'operating rocker arms 15 are designated by thenumeral30.

In Fig. 4: the same structure is illustrated as applied to aconventional water, cooled engine cylinder. In such cylinders the samedifficulties arise with overhead valve mechanism and the same solutionof, the problem can be applied. Like numerals apply to like parts inthis view as in the others.

In the operation of the device described above, the proper adjustmentbetween the push "rod 30, the rocker arm 15 and the .valve 14 is madewith the engine cold, and,

if the engine i'sput in operation and the various parts begln to expandfrom belng heated, th n pas .25, being heate to substantially the sametemperature as the material of the superstructure or head of thecylinder, will expand to a considerably greater degree than do posts 20.The effect of this is to tilt the frame 17 through tance between post 25and shaft 16, as upon this location will depend the accuracy of thecompensation. It is obvious that if this line of contact is closer topost 25 than it should be, the shaft 16 will be moved downward to agreater degree than necessary to compensate for the tendency to changethe adjustment, and, if close enough to post 25, may cause the valve tobe held permanently open during the heated condition. On the other hand,if this line of contact is too far from the post 25, the movement ofshaft 16 will be insufficient to take up the increased clearance due tohigher temperatures.

It is also contemplated using a material which has a less coefiicient ofexpansion than the material of the cylinder and push rod and applying itin suitable fashion.

In fact it is within the purview of the invention tocompensate forchange in adjustment of devices of the character mentioned occasioned bychanges in temperature, by positively moving one or more of the elementsas distinguished from attempts to compensate by restraining movement ofparts which movement is tended to be caused by expansion or contractionwith increase or decrease in temperature.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described, constitutes apreferred form of embodiment of the invention, it is to be understoodthat other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of theclaim which follows.

What I claim is as follows:

In combination in an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, ahead therefor, a valve for closing a port in the head and opening intothe cylinder, and an oscillating valve operating member for moving saidvalve to open said. port; two posts spaced apart from one another andextendingupwardly from said head, and which posts 'are made of the samematerial as said head; ai frame pivotally connectedwith the upper endsof said posts and supported i by said members; a shaft carried by saidframe and whereupon said oscillating valve I operating member issupported; and another upper end thereof being connected With said postcarried by said head and extending up-' frame, whereby said frame isrocked and wardly therefrom and spaced apart from saidshaft is movedtoward said head as the 10 said first mentioned post, said last men-Cylinder expands due to heating thereof. tioned post being made from amaterial In testimony whereof I hereto aflix my having a greatercoeflicien't of expansion signature. than said first mentioned posts'and the CALEB E. SUMMERS.

